Last edition Elsevier A human being consists of a mammalian component and a multiplicity of microbes, collectively referred to as the «microbiota» or «microbiome,» with which it has a symbiotic relationship. The microbiota is comprised of a variety of communities, the composition of each being dependent on the body site it inhabits. This community variation arises because the numerous locations on a human being provide very different environments, each of which favors the establishment of a distinct microbial community.
Last Edition
ISBN 13: 9781138342781
Imprint: Taylor & Francis Ltd
Language: English
Authors: Michael Wilson
Pub Date: 09/2018
Pages: 472
Illus: Illustrated
Weight: 640.000 grams
Size: h 213 X 276 mm
Product Type: Hardcover
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- • Each community consists of bacteria, fungi and viruses with, in some cases, archaea and/or protozoa.
- • It is increasingly being recognized that the indigenous microbiota plays an important role in maintaining the health of its human host.
- • However, changes in the overall composition of a microbial community at a body site, or an increase in the proportion of a particular species in that community, can result in disease or other adverse consequences for the host. The Human Microbiota in Health and Disease:
- • An Ecological and Community-Based Approach describes the nature of the various communities inhabiting humans as well as the important roles they play in human health and disease.
- • It discusses techniques used to determine microbial community composition and features a chapter devoted to the many factors that underlie this mammalian–microbe symbiosis.
- • Uniquely, the book adopts an ecological approach to examining the microbial community’s composition at a particular body site and why certain factors can shift a community from a eubiotic to a dysbiotic state.
- • The book is for undergraduates and postgraduates on courses with a module on the indigenous microbiota of humans.
- • It will also be useful to scientists, clinicians, and others seeking information on the human microbiota and its role in health and disease.
- Professor Michael Wilson is emeritus Professor of Microbiology at University College London (UCL), where he has worked since 1983. He has taught students on Bachelor and Master’s courses in microbiology covering many aspects of the subject, including the human microbiota, infectious diseases, bacterial pathogenesis, microbial biofilms, infection control, and antimicrobial chemotherapy.
- He also actively engaged in research at UCL, and in recognition of his research achievements, he was awarded a DSc in 1999 by the National University of Ireland and in 2011 was appointed Chevalier dans l’Ordre des Palmes Acad?miques by the French Minister of National Education. His main research interests are the indigenous microbiota of humans, biofilms, bacterial pathogenesis, antibiotic resistance, and the development of new antimicrobial strategies. He has a great interest in translational research and has applied for 13 patents for inventions in the fields of light-activated antimicrobial agents and water purification. In 1990 he received the National Westminster/British Petroleum Innovation Award and in 1991 the Toshiba "Invention of the Year" Award for inventing a low-technology method of sterilizing water for use in developing countries.
- He has published 334 peer-reviewed scientific papers, 238 conference abstracts, and 11 books, one of which, Bacteriology of Humans: An Ecological Perspective, was awarded the first prize in the Royal Society of Medicine and Society of Authors Medical Book Awards in 2008. He has supervised the research projects of 35 PhD students and 46 MSc students.
- • Cover • Half Title • Title Page • Copyright Page • Dedication • Contents • Preface • Author • Abbreviations used for Microbial Genera • Glossary
- • Chapter 1: The Human Microbiota—A Historical and Methodological Overview
- • 1.1 The Indigenous Microbiota in Health and Disease • 1.2 Technological Developments: Microscopy • 1.3 Technological Developments: Microbial Cultivation • 1.4 Technological Developments: Molecular Techniques • Key Concepts • Review Questions • Bibliography
- • Chapter 2: The Human–Microbe Symbiosis
- • 2.1 An Overview of the Nature and Distribution of the Microbial Communities that Live on Humans • 2.2 Structural Aspects of the Microbial Communities that Live on Humans • 2.3 Environmental Determinants that Affect the Distribution and Composition of Microbial Communities • 2.4 The Epithelium as the Primary Site of Host-Microbe Interactions • Key Concepts • Review Questions • Bibliography
- • Chapter 3: The Indigenous Microbiota of the Skin
- • 3.1 Anatomy and Physiology of the Skin • 3.2 Environmental Determinants Governing the Skin Microbiota • 3.3 Microbes Detected on the Skin • 3.4 Activities of the Skin Microbiota • 3.5 Contribution of the Skin Microbiota to Human Health and Well-Being • 3.6 Involvement of the Skin Microbiota in Human Disease • 3.7 Interventions that Result in Dysbiosis of the Skin Microbiota • 3.8 Manipulation of the Skin Microbiota • Key Concepts • Review Questions • Bibliography
- • Chapter 4: The Indigenous Microbiota of the Respiratory System
- • 4.1 Anatomy of the Respiratory System • 4.2 Environmental Determinants within the Respiratory Tract • 4.3 Microbes Detected in the Respiratory Tract • 4.4 Microbial Activities within the Respiratory Microbiota • 4.5 Contribution of the Respiratory Microbiota to Human Health and Well-Being • 4.6 Involvement of the Respiratory Microbiota in Human Disease • 4.7 Interventions and Activities that Result in Dysbiosis • 4.8 Manipulation of the Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract • Key Concepts • Review Questions • Bibliography
- • Chapter 5: The Indigenous Microbiota of the Genitourinary System of Males
- • 5.1 Anatomy of the Genitourinary System • 5.2 Environmental Determinants within the Male Genitourinary System • 5.3 Microbes Detected in the Genitourinary System • 5.4 Microbial Activities within the Microbiota of the Genitourinary System • 5.5 Contribution of the Microbiota of the Genitourinary System to Human Health and Well-Being • 5.6 Involvement of the Microbiota of the Genitourinary System in Human Disease • 5.7 Interventions that Result in Dysbiosis of the Microbiota of the Genitourinary System • 5.8 Manipulation of the Microbiota of the Genitourinary System • Key Concepts • Review Questions • Bibliography
- • Chapter 6: The Indigenous Microbiota of the Urinary System of Females
- • 6.1 Anatomy of the Urinary System • 6.2 Environmental Determinants within the Urinary System • 6.3 Microbes Detected in the Urinary System • 6.4 Microbial Activities within the Microbiota of the Urinary System • 6.5 Contribution of the Microbiota of the Urinary System to Human Health and Well-Being • 6.6 Involvement of the Microbiota of the Urinary System in Human Disease • 6.7 Interventions that Result in a Dysbiosis of the Microbiota of the Urinary System • 6.8 Manipulation of the Microbiota of the Urinary System • Key Concepts • Review Questions • Bibliography
- • Chapter 7: The Indigenous Microbiota of the Reproductive System of Females
- • 7.1 Anatomy and Physiology of the Female Reproductive System • 7.2 Environmental Determinants within the Reproductive System • 7.3 Microbes Detected in the Reproductive System • 7.4 Microbial Activities within the Microbiota of the Reproductive System • 7.5 Contribution of the Microbiota of the Reproductive System to Human Health and Well-Being • 7.6 Involvement of the Microbiota of the Reproductive System in Human Disease • 7.7 Interventions and Activities that Can Result in Dysbiosis • 7.8 Manipulation of the Microbiota of the Reproductive System • Key Concepts • Review Questions • Bibliography
- • Chapter 8: The Indigenous Microbiota of the Oral Cavity
- • 8.1 Anatomy and Physiology of the Oral Cavity • 8.2 Environmental Determinants within the Oral Cavity • 8.3 Microbes Detected in the Oral Cavity • 8.4 Microbial Activities within the Oral Cavity • 8.5 Contribution of the Microbiota of the Oral Cavity to Human Health and Well-Being • 8.6 Involvement of the Microbiota of the Oral Cavity in Human Disease • 8.7 Interventions and Other Factors that Can Result in Dysbiosis of the Oral Microbiota • 8.8 Manipulation of the Oral Microbiota • Key Concepts • Review Questions • Bibliography
- • Chapter 9: The Indigenous Microbiota of the Gastrointestinal Tract
- • 9.1 Anatomy and Physiology of the Gastrointestinal Tract • 9.2 Environmental Determinants within the Gastrointestinal Tract • 9.3 Microbes Colonizing the Gastrointestinal Tract • 9.4 Microbial Activities within the Microbiota of the Gastrointestinal Tract • 9.5 Contribution of the Microbiota of the Gastrointestinal Tract to Human Health and Well-Being • 9.6 Involvement of the Microbiota of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Human Disease • 9.7 Interventions that Result in a Dysbiosis of the Git Microbiota • 9.8 Manipulation of the Microbiota of the Gastrointestinal Tract • Key Concepts • Review Questions • Bibliography
- • Chapter 10: Microbial Community Disruption—A Role in Other Human Diseases?
- • Key Concepts • Bibliography
- • Chapter 11: The Indigenous Microbiota of Humans—Where Are We Now and Where Should We Be Going?
- • Bibliography
- • Appendix 1: Human Antimicrobial Peptides and Proteins • Appendix 2: Distinguishing Characteristics of Those Genera That Are Frequently Mentioned in This Book • Index
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