Langman’s Medical Embryology 14E

Langman's Medical Embryology 14E

Last edition Elsevier Vibrantly illustrated with full-color diagrams and clinical images, Langman’s Medical Embryology , 14th Edition helps medical, nursing, and health professions students confidently develop a basic understanding of embryology and its clinical relevance. Concise chapter summaries, captivating clinical correlates boxes, clinical problems, and a clear, concise writing style make the subject matter accessible and engaging to students throughout their courses.

Last Edition

ISBN 13:h9781975114848

Imprint:hLWW

Language:hEnglish

Authors:hT. W. Sadler

Pub Date:h11/2018

Pages:h456

Illus:hIllustrated

Weight:h840.000 grams

Size:h178 X 254 mm

Product Type:hSoftcover

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  • • Updated content reflects the latest clinical findings on the effects of the Zika virus, urogenital system disorders, and more.
  • • Clinical Correlates boxes tie clinically relevant content to case-based scenarios students may encounter in practice.
  • • More than 400 full-color illustrations, micrographs, and clinical images clarify key aspects of embryonic development.
  • • Problems to Solve with accompanying answers help assess student understanding.
  • • Chapter summaries and an expanded glossary reinforce understanding of key development stages, terms, and clinical conditions.
  • • Illustrated Development Chart visually guides students through the stages of embryonic development at a glance.
  • T.W. Sadler PhD (Author). Consultant, Birth Defects Prevention, Twin Bridges, Madison County, Montana. Adjunct Professor of Pediatrics, University of Utah.
  • Preface
  • Introduction / Embryology: Clinical Relevance and Historical Perspective
  • Part 1 • General Embryology
  • Chapter 1 • Introduction to Molecular Regulation and Signaling
  • Gene Transcription • DNA Methylation Represses Transcription • Other Regulators of Gene Expression • Induction and Organ Formation • Cell Signaling • Signal Transduction Pathways • Paracrine Signaling • Juxtacrine Signaling • Paracrine Signaling Factors • Fibroblast Growth Factors • Hedgehog Proteins • WNT Proteins • The TGF-? Superfamily • Other Paracrine Signaling Molecules • Key Signaling Pathways for Development • Sonic Hedgehog: Master Gene for Embryogenesis • The Planar Cell Polarity: Convergent Extension Pathway • The Notch Pathway • Summary
  • Chapter 2 • Gametogenesis: Conversion of Germ Cells into Male and Female Gametes
  • Primordial Germ Cells • The Chromosome Theory of Inheritance • Mitosis • Meiosis • Crossover • Polar Bodies • Morphological Changes during Maturation of the Gametes • Oogenesis • Maturation of Oocytes Begins Before Birth • Maturation of Oocytes Continues at Puberty • Spermatogenesis • Maturation of Sperm Begins at Puberty • Spermiogenesis • Summary
  • Chapter 3 • First Week of Development: Ovulation to Implantation
  • Ovarian Cycle • Ovulation • Corpus Luteum • Oocyte Transport • Corpus Albicans • Fertilization • Phase 1: Penetration of the Corona Radiata • Phase 2: Penetration of the Zona Pellucida • Phase 3: Fusion of the Oocyte and Sperm Cell Membranes • Cleavage • Blastocyst Formation • Epiblast, Hypoblast, and Axis Formation • Uterus at Time of Implantation • Summary
  • Chapter 4 • Second Week of Development: Bilaminar Germ Disc
  • Day 8 • Day 9 • Days 11 and 12 • Day 13 • Summary
  • Chapter 5 • Third Week of Development: Trilaminar Germ Disc
  • Gastrulation: Formation of Embryonic Mesoderm and Endoderm • Formation of the Notochord • Establishment of the Body Axes • Fate Map Established during Gastrulation • Growth of the Embryonic Disc • Further Development of the Trophoblast • Summary
  • Chapter 6 • Third to Eighth Weeks: The Embryonic Period
  • Derivatives of the Ectodermal Germ Layer • Molecular Regulation of Neural Induction • Neurulation • Neural Crest Cells • Molecular Regulation of Neural Crest Induction • Derivatives of the Mesodermal Germ Layer • Paraxial Mesoderm • Molecular Regulation of Somite Formation • Somite Differentiation • Molecular Regulation of Somite Differentiation • Intermediate Mesoderm • Lateral Plate Mesoderm • Blood and Blood Vessels • Molecular Regulation of Blood Vessel Formation • Derivatives of the Endodermal Germ Layer • Patterning of the Anteroposterior Axis: Regulation by Homeobox Genes • External Appearance during the Second Month • Summary
  • Chapter 7 • The Gut Tube and the Body Cavities
  • A Tube on Top of a Tube • Formation of the Body Cavity • Serous Membranes • Diaphragm and Thoracic Cavity • Formation of the Diaphragm • Summary
  • Chapter 8 • Third Month to Birth: The Fetus and Placenta
  • Development of the Fetus • Monthly Changes • Time of Birth • Fetal Membranes and Placenta • Changes in the Trophoblast • Chorion Frondosum and Decidua Basalis • Structure of the Placenta • Full-Term Placenta • Circulation of the Placenta • Function of the Placenta • Exchange of Gases • Exchange of Nutrients and Electrolytes • Transmission of Maternal Antibodies • Hormone Production • Amnion and Umbilical Cord • Placental Changes at the End of Pregnancy • Amniotic Fluid • Fetal Membranes in Twins • Dizygotic Twins • Monozygotic Twins • Parturition (Birth) • Summary
  • Chapter 9 • Birth Defects and Prenatal Diagnosis
  • Birth Defects • Types of Abnormalities • Environmental Factors • Principles of Teratology • Infectious Agents • Other Viral Infections and Hyperthermia • Radiation • Pharmaceutical Drugs and Chemical Agents • Illicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Cigarettes • Hormones • In Vitro Fertilization • Maternal Disease • Nutritional Deficiencies • Obesity • Hypoxia • Heavy Metals • Male-Mediated Teratogenesis • Prenatal Diagnosis • Ultrasonography • Amniocentesis • Chorionic Villus Sampling • Cordocentesis or Percutaneous Umbilical Blood Sampling • Maternal Serum Screening • Noninvasive Prenatal Screening • Fetal Therapy • Fetal Transfusion • Fetal Medical Treatment • Fetal Surgery • Stem Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy • Summary
  • Part 2 • Systems-Based Embryology
  • Chapter 10 • The Axial Skeleton
  • Skull • Neurocranium • Membranous Neurocranium • Newborn Skull • Cartilaginous Neurocranium or Chondrocranium • Viscerocranium • Vertebrae and the Vertebral Column • Ribs and Sternum • Summary
  • Chapter 11 • Muscular System
  • Striated Skeletal Musculature • Innervation of Axial Skeletal Muscles • Skeletal Muscle and Tendons • Molecular Regulation of Muscle Development • Patterning of Muscles • Head Musculature • Limb Musculature • Cardiac Muscle • Smooth Muscle • Summary
  • Chapter 12 • Limbs
  • Limb Growth and Development • Limb Musculature • Molecular Regulation of Limb Development • Summary
  • Chapter 13 • Cardiovascular System
  • Establishment and Patterning of the Primary Heart Field • Formation and Position of the Heart Tube • Formation of the Cardiac Loop • Molecular Regulation of Cardiac Development • Development of the Sinus Venosus • Formation of the Cardiac Septa • Septum Formation in the Common Atrium • Formation of the Left Atrium and Pulmonary Vein • Septum Formation in the Atrioventricular Canal • Atrioventricular Valves • Septum Formation in the Truncus Arteriosus and Conus Cordis • Septum Formation in the Ventricles • Semilunar Valves • Formation of the Conducting System of the Heart • Vascular Development • Arterial System • Aortic Arches • Vitelline and Umbilical Arteries • Coronary Arteries • Venous System • Vitelline Veins • Umbilical Veins • Cardinal Veins • Circulation Before and After Birth • Fetal Circulation • Circulatory Changes at Birth • Lymphatic System • Summary
  • Chapter 14 • Respiratory System
  • Formation of the Lung Buds • Larynx • Trachea, Bronchi, and Lungs • Maturation of the Lungs • Summary
  • Chapter 15 • Digestive System
  • Divisions of the Gut Tube • Molecular Regulation of Gut Tube Development • Mesentery • Foregut • Esophagus • Stomach • Duodenum • Liver and Gallbladder • Molecular Regulation of Liver Induction • Pancreas • Molecular Regulation of Pancreas Development • Midgut • Physiological Herniation • Rotation of the Midgut • Retraction of Herniated Loops • Mesenteries of the Intestinal Loops • Hindgut • Summary
  • Chapter 16 • Urogenital System
  • Urinary System • Kidney Systems • Pronephros • Mesonephros • Metanephros: The Definitive Kidney • Collecting System • Excretory System • Molecular Regulation of Kidney Development • Position of the Kidney • Function of the Kidney • Bladder and Urethra • Genital System • Gonads • Testis • Ovary • Genital Ducts • Indifferent Stage • Genital Ducts in the Male • Genital Ducts in the Female • Molecular Regulation of Genital Duct Development • Vagina • External Genitalia • Indifferent Stage • External Genitalia in the Male • External Genitalia in the Female • Descent of the Testes • Descent of the Ovaries • Summary
  • Chapter 17 • Head and Neck
  • Pharyngeal Arches • First Pharyngeal Arch • Second Pharyngeal Arch • Third Pharyngeal Arch • Fourth and Sixth Pharyngeal Arches • Pharyngeal Pouches • First Pharyngeal Pouch • Second Pharyngeal Pouch • Third Pharyngeal Pouch • Fourth Pharyngeal Pouch • Pharyngeal Clefts • Molecular Regulation of Facial Development • Tongue • Thyroid Gland • Face • Intermaxillary Segment • Secondary Palate • Nasal Cavities • Teeth • Molecular Regulation of Tooth Development • Summary
  • Chapter 18 • Central Nervous System
  • Spinal Cord • Neuroepithelial, Mantle, and Marginal Layers • Basal, Alar, Roof, and Floor Plates • Histological Differentiation • Nerve Cells • Glial Cells • Neural Crest Cells • Spinal Nerves • Myelination • Positional Changes of the Cord • Molecular Regulation of Nerve Differentiation in the Spinal Cord • Brain • Rhombencephalon: Hindbrain • Myelencephalon • Metencephalon • Cerebellum • Mesencephalon: Midbrain • Prosencephalon: Forebrain • Diencephalon • Telencephalon • Molecular Regulation of Brain Development • Cranial Nerves • Autonomic Nervous System • Sympathetic Nervous System • Parasympathetic Nervous System • Suprarenal (Adrenal) Gland • Summary
  • Chapter 19
  • • Ear • Internal Ear • Saccule, Cochlea, and Organ of Corti • Utricle and Semicircular Canals • Middle Ear • Tympanic Cavity and Auditory Tube • Ossicles • External Ear • External Auditory Meatus • Eardrum or Tympanic Membrane • Auricle • Hearing • Summary
  • Chapter 20
  • • Eye • Optic Cup and Lens Vesicle • Retina, Iris, and Ciliary Body • Lens • Choroid, Sclera, and Cornea • Vitreous Body • Optic Nerve • Molecular Regulation of Eye Development • Summary
  • Chapter 21 • Integumentary System
  • Skin • Epidermis • Dermis • Hair • Fingernails and Toenails • Sweat Glands • Mammary Glands • Summary
  • Part 3 • Appendix • Answers to Problems • Figure Credits • Glossary of Key Terms • Index
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