Last edition Elsevier This larger-format third edition of a remarkable - atlas reflects the latest advances in the constantly evolving specialty of ophthalmology. Firsthand knowledge is culled from the author’s decades of patient consultations, teaching, and combined surgical experience. Cataract, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, and age-related macular degeneration are covered along with other eye diseases affecting millions of people worldwide. Disorders less frequently seen in clinical practice are included in its comprehensive coverage.
Last edition
ISBN 13:h9783131261632
Imprint:hThieme
Language:hEnglish
Authors:hGerhard K. Lang
Pub Date:/span> h12/2015
Pages:h400
Illus:h600 illustrations
Weight:h860.00 grams
Size:h171 x 241 mm
Product Type:hSoftcover
| List Price |
| grn 2578 |
| $84,54 |
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- • A detailed chapter on clinical ophthalmological examination
- • Anatomical, pathophysiological, diagnostic, and clinical data on every area of the eye
- • 600 highest quality color photographs, superb illustrations, and overviews illustrate clinical findings and pathophysiology
- • Tables include important medications, reference dimensions, and standard values, cardinal symptoms and diagnoses
- • A glossary of technical ophthalmological terms
- • New design and larger, clearer format
- Gerhard K. Lang. Professor and Chairman, Dept. of Ophthalmology, University Eye Hospital Ulm, Germany
- Title Page Copyright Contents Preface to the 3rd Edition Contributors
- 1 The Ophthalmic Examination
- 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Equipment 1.3 History 1.4 Visual Acuity 1.5 Ocular Motility 1.6 Binocular Alignment 1.7 Examination of the Eyelids and Nasolacrimal Duct 1.8 Examination of the Conjunctiva 1.9 Examination of the Cornea 1.10 Examination of the Anterior Chamber 1.11 Examination of the Lens 1.12 Ophthalmoscopy 1.13 Confrontation Field Testing (Examination of the Visual Field) 1.14 Measurement of Intraocular Pressure 1.15 Eye Drops, Ointment, and Bandages
- 2 Eyelids (Palpebrae)
- 2.1 Basic Knowledge 2.2 Examination Methods 2.3 Developmental Anomalies 2.3.1 Coloboma 2.3.2 Epicanthal Folds 2.3.3 Blepharophimosis 2.3.4 Ankyloblepharon 2.4 Deformities 2.4.1 Ptosis Palpebrae 2.4.2 Entropion 2.4.3 Ectropion 2.4.4 Trichiasis 2.4.5 Blepharospasm 2.5 Disorders of the Skin and Margin of the Eyelid 2.5.1 Contact Eczema 2.5.2 Eyelid Edema 2.5.3 Seborrheic Blepharitis 2.5.4 Herpes Simplex of the Eyelids 2.5.5 Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus 2.5.6 Eyelid Abscess 2.5.7 Tick Infestation of the Eyelids 2.5.8 Louse Infestation of the Eyelids 2.5.9 Hair Follicle Mite 2.6 Disorders of the Eyelid Glands 2.6.1 Hordeolum 2.6.2 Chalazion 2.7 Tumors 2.7.1 Benign Tumors
- Ductal Cysts (Hidrocystomas) Xanthelasma Molluscum Contagiosum Cutaneous Horn Keratoacanthoma Hemangioma Neurofibromatosis (Recklinghausen's Disease)
- 2.7.2 Semimalignant and Malignant Tumors
- Basal Cell Carcinoma Squamous Cell Carcinoma Adenocarcinoma
- 3 Lacrimal System
- 3.1 Basic Knowledge 3.2 Examination Methods 3.2.1 Evaluation of Tear Formation 3.2.2 Evaluation of Tear Drainage 3.3 Disorders of the Lower Lacrimal System 3.3.1 Dacryocystitis Acute Dacryocystitis Chronic Dacryocystitis Neonatal Dacryocystitis 3.3.2 Canaliculitis 3.3.3 Tumors of the Lacrimal Sac 3.4 Lacrimal System Dysfunction 3.4.1 Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca 3.4.2 Illacrimation 3.5 Disorders of the Lacrimal Gland 3.5.1 Acute Dacryoadenitis 3.5.2 Chronic Dacryoadenitis 3.5.3 Tumors of the Lacrimal Gland
- 4 Conjunctiva
- 4.1 Basic Knowledge 4.2 Examination Methods 4.3 Conjunctival Degeneration and Aging Changes 4.3.1 Pinguecula 4.3.2 Pterygium 4.3.3 Pseudopterygium 4.3.4 Subconjunctival Hemorrhage 4.3.5 Calcareous Infiltration 4.3.6 Conjunctival Xerosis 4.4 Conjunctivitis 4.4.1 General Notes on the Causes, Symptoms, and Diagnosis of Conjunctivitis 4.4.2 Infectious Conjunctivitis Bacterial Conjunctivitis Chlamydial Conjunctivitis Viral Conjunctivitis Neonatal Conjunctivitis Parasitic and Mycotic Conjunctivitis 4.4.3 Noninfectious Conjunctivitis 4.5 Tumors 4.5.1 Epibulbar Dermoid 4.5.2 Conjunctival Hemangioma 4.5.3 Epithelial Conjunctival Tumors Conjunctival Cysts Conjunctival Papilloma Conjunctival Carcinoma 4.5.4 Melanocytic Conjunctival Tumors Conjunctival Nevus Conjunctival Melanosis Congenital Ocular Melanosis 4.5.5 Conjunctival Lymphoma 4.5.6 Kaposi's Sarcoma 4.6 Conjunctival Deposits
- 5 Cornea
- 5.1 Basic Knowledge 5.2 Examination Methods 5.2.1 Slit Lamp Examination 5.2.2 Dye Examination of the Cornea 5.2.3 Corneal Topography 5.2.4 Determining Corneal Sensitivity 5.2.5 Measuring the Density of the Corneal Epithelium 5.2.6 Measuring the Diameter of the Cornea 5.2.7 Corneal Pachymetry 5.2.8 Confocal Corneal Microscopy 15.2.9 Ocular Coherence Tomo graphy (OCT) 5.3 Developmental Anomalies 5.3.1 Protrusion Anomalies Keratoconus Keratoglobus and Cornea Plana 5.3.2 Corneal Size Anomalies (Microcornea and Megalocornea) 5.4 Infectious Keratitis 5.4.1 Protective Mechanisms of the Cornea 5.4.2 Corneal Infections: Predisposing Factors, Pathogens, and Pathogenesis 5.4.3 General Notes on Diagnosing Infectious Forms of Keratitis 5.4.4 Bacterial Keratitis 5.4.5 Viral Keratitis Herpes Simplex Keratitis Herpes Zoster Keratitis 5.4.6 Mycotic Keratitis 5.4.7 Acanthamoeba Keratitis 5.5 Noninfectious Keratitis and Keratopathy 5.5.1 Superficial Punctate Keratitis Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca 5.5.2 Exposure Keratitis 5.5.3 Neuroparalytic Keratitis Primary and Recurrent Corneal Erosion 5.5.4 Problems with Contact Lenses 5.5.5 Bullous Keratopathy 5.6 Corneal Deposits, Degeneration, and Dystrophies 5.6.1 Corneal Deposits Arcus Senilis Corneal Verticillata Iron Lines Kayser-Fleischer Ring 5.6.2 Corneal Degeneration Calcific Band Keratopathy Peripheral Furrow Keratitis 5.6.3 Corneal Dystrophies 5.7 Corneal Surgery 15.7.1 Curative Corneal Procedures Penetrating Keratoplasty (PKP) Lamellar Keratoplasty (LKP) Phototherapeutic Keratectomy 5.7.2 Refractive Corneal Proce dures Astigmatic Keratotomy (AK) Radial Keratotomy (RK) Conductive Keratoplasty (Holmium Laser Coagulation, High-Frequency Coagulation) Intacs: Intrastromal Corneal Ring Segments (ICRS) and Rod Segments Photorefractive Keratectomy (PRK) Excimer Laser Epithelial Keratomileusis (LASEK) Excimer Laser In Situ Keratomileusis (LASIK) Wavefront Correction (Aberrometry) Implanted Contact Lens (ICL) Phakic Anterior Chamber Lens Bioptic (Intraocular Lens Implantation and LASIK) Clear Lens Extraction (CLE)
- 6 Sclera
- 6.1 Basic Knowledge 6.2 Examination Methods 6.3 Color Changes 6.4 Staphyloma and Ectasia 6.5 Trauma 6.6 Inflammations 6.6.1 Episcleritis 6.6.2 Scleritis
- 7 Lens
- 7.1 Basic Knowledge 7.2 Examination Methods 7.3 Developmental Anomalies of the Lens 7.4 Cataract 7.4.1 Acquired Cataract Senile Cataract 7.4.2 Cataract in Systemic Disease 7.4.3 Complicated Cataracts 7.4.4 Cataract after Intraocular Surgery 7.4.5 Traumatic Cataract 7.4.6 Toxic Cataract 7.4.7 Congenital Cataract Hereditary Congenital Cataracts Cataract from Transplacental Infection in the First Trimester of Pregnancy 7.4.8 Treatment of Cataracts Medication Surgical Treatment Secondary Cataract Special Considerations in Cataract Surgery in Children 7.5 Lens Dislocation
- 8 Uveal Tract (Vascular Layer)
- 8.1 Basic Knowledge 8.1.1 Iris 8.1.2 Ciliary Body 8.1.3 Choroid 8.2 Examination Methods 8.3 Developmental Anomalies 8.3.1 Aniridia 8.3.2 Coloboma 8.4 Pigmentation Anomalies 8.4.1 Heterochromia 8.4.2 Albinism 8.5 Inflammation 8.5.1 Acute Iritis and Iridocyclitis 8.5.2 Chronic Iritis and Iridocyclitis 8.5.3 Choroiditis 8.5.4 Sympathetic Ophthalmia 8.6 Neovascularization in the Iris: Rubeosis Iridis 8.7 Tumors 8.7.1 Malignant Tumors (Uveal Melanoma) 8.7.2 Benign Choroidal Tumors
- 9 Pupil
- 9.1 Basic Knowledge 9.2 Examination Methods 9.2.1 Testing the Light Reflex 9.2.2 Evaluating the Near Reflex 9.3 Influence of Pharmacologic Agents on the Pupil 9.4 Pupillary Motor Dysfunction 9.4.1 Isocoria with Normal Pupil Size Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect Bilateral Afferent Pupillary Defect 9.4.2 Anisocoria with a Dilated Pupil in the Affected Eye Complete Oculomotor Palsy Tonic Pupil Iris Defects Following Eye Drop Application (Unilateral Administration of a Mydriatic) Simple Anisocoria 9.4.3 Anisocoria with a Constricted Pupil in the Affected Eye Horner's Syndrome Following Eye Drop Application 9.4.4 Isocoria with Constricted Pupils Argyll Robertson Pupil Bilateral Pupillary Constriction due to Pharmacologic Agents Toxic Bilateral Pupillary Constriction Inflammatory Bilateral Pupillary Constriction 9.4.5 Isocoria with Dilated Pupils Parinaud's Syndrome Intoxication Disorders
- 10 Glaucoma
- 10.1 General Introductory Remarks 10.2 Basic Knowledge 10.3 Examination Methods 10.3.1 Oblique Illumination of the Anterior Chamber 10.3.2 Slit Lamp Examination 10.3.3 Goniosopy 10.3.4 Measuring Intraocular Pressure 10.3.5 Optic Disc Ophthalmoscopy 10.3.6 Visual Field Testing 10.3.7 Examination of the Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer 10.4 Primary Glaucoma 10.4.1 Primary Open Angle Glaucoma 10.4.2 Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma 10.5 Secondary Glaucomas 10.5.1 Secondary Open Angle Glaucoma 10.5.2 Secondary Angle Closure Glaucoma 10.6 Childhood Glaucomas
- 11 Vitreous Body
- 11.1 Basic Knowledge 11.2 Examination Methods 11.3 Aging Changes 11.3.1 Synchysis 11.3.2 Vitreous Detachment 11.4 Abnormal Changes in the Vitreous Body 11.4.1 Persistent Fetal Vasculature (Developmental Anomalies) Mittendorf's Dot Bergmeister's Papilla Persistent Hyaloid Artery Persistent Hyperplastic Primary Vitreous (PHPV) 11.4.2 Abnormal Opacities of the Vitreous Body Asteroid Hyalosis Synchysis Scintillans Vitreous Amyloidosis 11.4.3 Vitreous Hemorrhage 11.4.4 Vitreitis and Endophthalmitis 11.4.5 Vitreoretinal Dystrophies Juvenile Retinoschisis Wagner's Disease 11.5 The Role of the Vitreous Body in Various Ocular Changes and after Cataract Surgery 11.5.1 Retinal Detachment 11.5.2 Retinal Vascular Proliferation 11.5.3 Cataract Surgery 11.6 Surgical Treatment: Vitrectomy
- 12 Retina
- 12.1 Basic Knowledge 12.2 Examination Methods 12.2.1 Visual Acuity 12.2.2 Examination of the Fundus 12.2.3 Normal and Abnormal Fundus Findings in General 12.2.4 Color Vision Deficiencies and Testing 12.2.5 Electrophysiologic Examination Methods 12.3 Vascular Disorders 12.3.1 Diabetic Retinopathy 12.3.2 Retinal Vein Occlusion 12.3.3 Retinal Artery Occlusion 12.3.4 Hypertensive Retinopathy and Sclerotic Changes 12.3.5 Coats's Disease 12.3.6 Retinopathy of Prematurity 12.4 Degenerative Retinal Disorders 12.4.1 Retinal Detachment 12.4.2 Degenerative Retinoschisis 12.4.3 Peripheral Retinal Degenerations 12.4.4 Central Serous Chorioretinopathy 12.4.5 Age-Related Macular Degeneration 12.4.6 Degenerative Myopia 12.5 Retinal Dystrophies 12.5.1 Macular Dystrophies Stargardt&rsquos Disease Best's Vitelliform Dystrophy 12.5.2 Retinitis Pigmentosa 12.6 Toxic Retinopathy 12.7 Retinal Inflammatory Disease 12.7.1 Retinal Vasculitis 12.7.2 Posterior Uveitis due to Toxoplasmosis 12.7.3 AIDS-Related Retinal Disorders 12.7.4 Viral Retinitis 12.7.5 Retinitis in Lyme Disease 12.7.6 Parasitic Retinal Disorders 12.8 Retinal Tumors and Hamartomas 12.8.1 Retinoblastoma 12.8.2 Astrocytoma 12.8.3 Hemangiomas
- 13 Optic Nerve
- 13.1 Basic Knowledge 13.1.1 Intraocular Portion of the Optic Nerve: Optic Disc 13.1.2 Intraorbital and Intracranial Portions of the Optic Nerve 13.2 Examination Methods 13.3 Disorders That Obscure the Margin of the Optic Disc 13.3.1 Congenital Disorders that Obscure the Margin of the Optic Disc Oblique Entry of the Optic Nerve Tilted Disc Pseudopapilledema Myelinated Nerve Fibers Bergmeister's Papilla Optic Disc Drusen 13.3.2 Acquired Disorders That Obscure the Margin of the Optic Disc Papilledema Optic Neuritis Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (AION) Infiltrative Optic Disc Edema 13.4 Disorders in Which the Margin of the Optic Disc is Well Defined 13.4.1 Atrophy of the Optic Nerve Special Forms of Atrophy of the Optic Nerve 13.4.2 Optic Nerve Pits 13.4.3 Optic Disc Coloboma (Morning Glory Disc) 13.5 Tumors 13.5.1 Intraocular Optic Nerve Tumors 13.5.2 Retrobulbar Optic Nerve Tumors
- 14 Visual Pathway
- 14.1 Basic Knowledge 14.2 Examination Methods 14.3 Disorders of the Visual Pathway 14.3.1 Prechiasmal Lesions 14.3.2 Chiasmal Lesions 14.3.3 Retrochiasmal Lesions 14.3.4 Ocular Migraine
- 15 Orbital Cavity
- 15.1 Basic Knowledge 15.2 Examination Methods 15.3 Developmental Anomalies 15.3.1 Craniofacial Dysplasia Craniostenosis Oculoauriculovertebral Dysplasia Mandibulofacial Dysostosis Oculomandibular Dysostosis Rubinstein–Taybi Syndrome 15.3.3 Meningoencephalocele 15.3.4 Osteopathies 15.4 Orbital Involvement in Autoimmune Disorders: Graves's Disease 15.5 Orbital Inflammation 15.5.1 Orbital Cellulitis 15.5.2 Cavernous Sinus Syndrome 15.5.3 Orbital Pseudotumor 15.5.4 Myositis 15.5.5 Orbital Periostitis 15.5.6 Mucocele 15.5.7 Mycoses (Mucormycosis and Aspergillomycosis) 15.6 Vascular Disorders 15.6.1 Pulsating Exophthalmos 15.6.2 Intermittent Exophthalmos 15.6.3 Orbital Hematoma 15.7 Tumors 15.7.1 Orbital Tumors Hemangioma Dermoid and Epidermoid Cyst Neurinoma and Neurofibroma Meningioma Histiocytosis X Leukemic Infiltrations Lymphoma Rhabdomyosarcoma 15.7.2 Metastases 15.7.3 Optic Nerve Glioma 15.7.4 Injuries 15.8 Orbital Surgery
- 16 Optics and Refractive Errors
- 16.1 Basic Knowledge 16.1.1 Uncorrected and Corrected Visual Acuity 16.1.2 Refraction: Emmetropia and Ametropia 16.1.3 Accommodation 16.1.4 Adaptation to Differences in Light Intensity 16.2 Examination Methods 16.2.1 Refraction Testing 16.2.2 Testing the Potential Resolving Power of the Retina in the Presence of Opacified Ocular Media 16.3 Refractive Anomalies 16.3.1 Myopia (Shortsightedness) 16.3.2 Hyperopia (Farsightedness) 16.3.3 Astigmatism 16.3.4 Anisometropia 16.4 Impaired Accommodation 16.4.1 Accommodation Spasm 16.4.2 Accommodation Palsy 16.5 Correction of Refractive Errors 16.5.1 Eyeglass Lenses Monofocal Lenses Multifocal Lenses Special Lenses Subjective Refraction Testing for Eyeglasses 16.5.2 Contact Lenses Advantages and Characteristics of Contact Lenses Disadvantages of Contact Lenses 16.5.3 Prisms 16.5.4 Magnifying Vision Aids 16.6 Aberrations of Lenses and Eyeglasses 16.6.1 Chromatic Aberration (Dispersion) 16.6.2 Spherical Aberration 16.6.3 Astigmatic Aberration 16.6.4 Distortion
- 17 Ocular Motility and Strabismus
- 17.1 Basic Knowledge 17.2 Concomitant Strabismus 17.2.1 Forms of Concomitant Strabismus Esotropia Accommodative Esotropia Exotropia Vertical Deviations (Hypertropia and Hypotropia) 17.2.2 Diagnosis of Concomitant Strabismus Evaluating Ocular Alignment with a Focused Light Diagnosis of Unilateral and Alter nating Strabismus (Unilateral Cover Test) Measuring the Angle of Deviation (Prism Cover test) Determining the Type of Fixation Testing Binocular Vision Diagnosis of Infantile Strabismic Amblyopia (Preferential Looking Test) 17.2.3 Treatment of Concomitant Strabismus Eyeglass Prescription Treatment and Avoidance of Strabismic Amblyopia Surgery 17.3 Heterophoria 17.4 Pseudostrabismus 17.5 Ophthalmoplegia and Paralytic Strabismus 17.5.1 Etiology and Forms of Ocular Motility Disorders 17.5.2 Forms of Eye Movement Disorders 17.5.3 Symptoms of Ocular Motility Disorders 17.5.4 Ocular Muscle Paralysis Caused by Cranial Nerve Damage 17.5.5 Diagnosis of Ocular Motility Disorders 17.5.6 Differential Diagnosis 17.5.7 Treatment of Ophthalmoplegia and Myogenic Motility Disorders 17.6 Nystagmus
- 18 Ocular Trauma
- 18.1 General Introductory Remarks 18.2 Examination Methods 18.3 Classification of Ocular Injuries by Mechanism of Injury 18.4 Mechanical Injuries 18.4.1 Eyelid Injury 18.4.2 Injuries to the Lacrimal System 18.4.3 Conjunctival Laceration 18.4.4 Corneal and Conjunctival Foreign Bodies 18.4.5 Corneal Erosion 18.4.6 Blunt Ocular Trauma (Ocular Contusion) 18.4.7 Blow-Out Fracture 18.4.8 Open-Globe Injuries 18.4.9 Impalement Injuries in the Orbit 18.5 Chemical Injuries 18.6 Injuries Due to Physical Agents 18.6.1 Ultraviolet Keratoconjunctivitis 18.6.2 Burns 18.6.3 Radiation Injuries (Ionizing Radiation) 18.7 Indirect Ocular Trauma 18.7.1 Purtscher's Retinopathy 18.7.2 High-Altitude Retinopathy
- 19 Cardinal Symptoms
- 20 Appendix 20.1 Topical Ophthalmic Preparations 20.2 Nonophthalmic Preparations with Ocular Side Effects 20.3 Ocular Symptoms of Poisoning 20.4 Standard Values and Reference Dimensions in Ophthalmology 20.5 Clinical Images and Examples 20.5.1 Clinical Images and Corresponding Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) Images in Retinal Diseas 20.5.2 Typical Visual Field Defects in Certain Diseases
- 21 Glossary Further Reading Index
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